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- Title
Hardiness and Optimism as Predictors of the Frequency of Flow in Collegiate Athletes.
- Authors
Vealey, Robin S.; Perritt, Nicole C.
- Abstract
Research is needed to study the influence of personality on the frequency with which athletes experience flow, the positive psychological state characterized by automatic processing and intrinsic motivation (Csikszentmihalyi, 1997). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the personality characteristics of hardiness and optimism and thefre-quency of flow in athletes. The Personal Views Survey-11 (Maddi, 1985), Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheiet; Carver, & Bridges, 1994), and Dispositional Flow Scale (Jackson, Kimiecik, Ford, & Marsh, 1998) were administered to 197 collegiate track and field athletes from six universities in the Midwestern United States. The results indicated that high levels of optimism and hardiness were predictive of the frequency of flow in athletes in the form of clear goals, merging of action and awareness, concentration on the task, autotelic experience, sense of control, receiving unambiguous feedback, and sensing a balance between challenge and skill.
- Publication
Journal of Sport Behavior, 2015, Vol 38, Issue 3, p321
- ISSN
0162-7341
- Publication type
Academic Journal