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- Title
SNAP MARKERS DERIVED FROM CATALASE-1 GENE SEQUENCE USED FOR BLACK POD DISEASE RESISTANCE IN CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.).
- Authors
TARIGAN, R.; MAHARIJAYA, A.; IZZAH, N. K.
- Abstract
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a small evergreen tree that belongs to the family Malvaceae and is native to the deep tropical regions of Mesoamerica. Cacao black pod (pod rot) is one of the main diseases of cacao that causes 44% global crop loss. It is caused by the fungus Phytophthora palmivora. Cacao host resistance to black pod disease is the only way to combat this disease. Single nucleotide amplified polymorphism (SNAP) markers are reliable tools because of their capability to identify cacao resistance levels at the early growth stages without inoculation. In this study, the catalase-1 (CAT1) gene was found to be linked to cacao black pod disease resistance. Its sequence was explored during 2019-2020 at the Molecular Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Indonesia. The CAT1 gene sequence generated six SNP sites, which were used to design SNAP markers. The testing of the newly designed markers by using six cacao genotypes with different levels of resistance showed that the designed primers for the Cat1-71 marker can differentiate resistant and susceptible genotypes. This marker detected variations [C/T] in the SNP position 71 in the CAT1 gene on chromosome 8. The nonsynonymous SNP changed leucine into phenylalanine. The visualization of DNA bands through gel electrophoresis revealed that the Cat1-71 marker produced amplifications and has the potential to predict the resistance level of 16 F1 hybrid cocoa. The phenotypic test of hybrid cocoa resistance can be continued by using the leaf disc assay. In addition, the SNAP marker has the advantage of facile analysis via agarose gel electrophoresis. Hence, the use of SNAP markers will improve the accuracy of the identification of cacao resistance to black pod disease.
- Publication
SABRAO Journal of Breeding & Genetics, 2021, Vol 53, Issue 3, p510
- ISSN
1029-7073
- Publication type
Academic Journal