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- Title
Oxidative Stress: An Example of Hormesis.
- Authors
US, Mahadeva Rao; Anantrao, Nadiger Hanumant
- Abstract
Background of study: Hormesis is a biphasic dose response ('U' or 'J' shaped) to an exogenous agent showing a low dose beneficial effect and a high dose toxic effect. Similar biphasic responses have also been observed in normal physiological functions of cells and organisms and during adaptation to stress. Oxidative stress: It is an imbalance in the production and disposal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative damage to biomolecules and cell structures. Production of ROS is unavoidable in aerobic organisms because of the peculiar atomic structure of oxygen. Endogenous antioxidant systems dispose off the ROS preventing the potential oxidative damage. ROS mediated oxidative damage is implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of age related, and inflammatory human disorders. Beneficial role of ROS: ROS generation and oxidative stress are essential for survival of the organism since in moderate amounts, their consequences may be essential to maintain normal health. Excess levels of oxidative stress will lead to oxidative damage and consequent human disorders. Disposal of ROS: Endogenous antioxidant systems play an important role in preventing the ROS mediated oxidative damage by maintaining a state of 'redox homeostasis'. Disturbances in the state of redox homeostasis due to increased endogenous production / entry of exogenous ROS or deficiency/defects in endogenous antioxidant systems would lead to oxidative damage and the consequent human disorders. Conclusion: We have presented a concise review giving production and disposal as well as beneficial and harmful effects of ROS proposing that oxidative stress is an example of hormesis.
- Publication
International Medical Journal, 2020, Vol 27, Issue 4, p419
- ISSN
1341-2051
- Publication type
Academic Journal