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- Title
Hypothalamic Pituitary Insufficiency Following Central Nervous System Infections: A Prospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital.
- Authors
Mukka, Arun; Sachan, Alok; Vengamma, B.; Harinarayan, C. V.; Menon, Bindu; Suresh, V.; Neelima, M.
- Abstract
Introduction: Infectious diseases of the central nervous system may also affect the hypothalamus and pituitary functions, although this effect very often has not been reported and systemically studied. Aims and Objectives: To study the functions of the anterior pituitary gland in patients suffering with meningitis and encephalitis. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with meningitis or encephalitis were recruited for the study, following admission to the neurology ward of our tertiary care hospital after taking the informed consent from the responsible attendant. On the day of recruitment samples were collected in the fasting state for T3, T4, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Lutenising hormone (LH). When the patient was recovering from the illness basal cortisol, stimulated serum cortisol and growth hormone samples were collected by performing the insulin tolerance test. Results: Mean age of the patients was 27.2 ± 10.8 years with 33 males and 17 females. Three patients (two males and one female) had elevated prolactin levels. One male patient with hyperprolactinemia had low testosterone levels. In total 18 male patients had low testosterone (<3 ng/ml) with low or inappropriately normal gonadotropins. All female patients except one were found to be having normal serum levels of estradiol. Twenty patients had growth hormone <3.0 ng/ ml on stimulation. Twenty-seven patients had low stimulated cortisol (<18 µ/dl). Twenty-seven patients had features suggestive of sick euthyroid syndrome. Four patients had low T3, T4 and low or inappropriately normal TSH along with a deficiency of other hormones. Conclusions: Hyperprolactinemia (6%), gonadotropic insufficiency (50%), somatotropic insufficiency (40%), corticotropic insufficiency (54%) andabnormal thyroid profiles (14%) were evident in several patients presenting with acute meningitis and meningoencephalitis.
- Publication
Indian Journal of Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012, Vol 16, pS514
- ISSN
2230-8210
- Publication type
Academic Journal