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- Title
Short-Term Aerobic Exercise Training Differentially Affects Muscle and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity in Humans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
- Authors
Winnick, Jason J.; Sherman, W. M.; Stout, Michael B.; Schuster, Dara P.
- Abstract
Previous research has shown that aerobic exercise training by humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus can improve both glucose tolerance and whole body insulin sensitivity within seven days without altering body fat levels or VO[sub 2] max. However, it is not known if these improvements in response to exercise are due to improved insulin sensitivity of the muscle, liver, or a combination of these events. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of seven days of aerobic exercise on peripheral glucose uptake (PGU) and endogenous glucose production (EGP) during isoglycemic clamp conditions. We hypothesized that this intervention would increase both insulin stimulation of PGU and insulin suppression of EGP during the basal state as well as during insulin infusion. Eighteen obese, mildly diabetic humans were assigned to one of two groups: the diet only group consumed an isocaloric diet consisting of 50% carbohydrate, 30% fat and 20% protein for 15 days. The diet and exercise group consumed a similar diet over the intervention period and performed 50 minutes of treadmill walking at 70% of their individually measured VO[sub 2] max each of the second seven days of the 15 day study period. Each subject underwent an isoglycemic glucose clamp after the first and second week of participation in the study, where PGU and EGP were measured using 3-³H labeled glucose. As expected, neither group experienced significant changes in body composition or VO[sub 2] max. As well, the exercise training intervention did not have an impact on EGP or hepatic insulin sensitivity, however exercise training significantly increased whole-body insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05), PGU (p < 0.05), and muscle insulin sensitivity (p < 0.0001) during the insulin infusion period. These data indicate that improvements to glucose tolerance and whole body insulin sensitivity from short-term aerobic exercise training are likely due to changes in muscle insulin sensitivity, and training regimens of longer duration may be necessary to improve hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Publication
Diabetes, 2007, Vol 56, pA278
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Academic Journal