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- Title
Adipose Tissue Distribution Is Related to Presence of Metabolic Inflexibility in African American Pre-Menopausal Women.
- Authors
Berk, Evan S.; Kindermann, Sylvia; Albu, Jeanine B.
- Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the presence of metabolic inflexibility (MI), impaired substrate utilization in fasting and insulin stimulated conditions, in lean and obese African American pre-menopausal women compared to similar Caucasian women. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Previous work found that absolute adipose tissue depot volumes did not explain the observed differences. We measured fasting substrate utilization in premenopausal Caucasian (n=7, BMI 30.3 ± 5.5 kg/m²) and African American (n=6, BMI 28.4 ± 4.1 kg/m² women after 7-day low and high fat eucaloric diets. Additionally, whole body MRI was used to assess adipose tissue depot size and distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, and intermuscular adipose tissue: SAT, VAT, and IMAT) and determine how they may relate to MI. There were significant diet by race interactions for substrate utilization between Caucasian and African American women (P<0.01). Caucasians significantly increased fasting fat oxidation (P<0.01) and decreased fasting carbohydrate oxidation (P=0.02) when switching from low to high fat diets, while the African Americans did not change their fasting substrate utilization. These differences in substrate utilization persisted when correcting for age and BMI. There were no significant differences in AT size between groups. However, Caucasians had non-significantly larger total AT (35.5 ± 11.4 L vs. 29.5 11.6 L for African Americans, P=0.3) and thus AT depot size volumes were converted to percents. The significant diet by race interaction for fasting substrate utilization no longer existed when correcting for %VAT or %IMAT (P=0.06 for both). Additionally, the race effect for substrate utilization no longer existed when correcting for %SAT (P=0.08) or %IMAT (P=0.35). Taken together, the distribution and not the absolute AT volume may be related to presence of MI. In particular, IMAT may have the strongest relationship with MI as it negated both the race and the race by diet effects. However, it is unclear if increased %IMAT is a cause or consequence of MI. Further mechanistic studies are warranted. ADA-Funded Research
- Publication
Diabetes, 2007, Vol 56, pA668
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Academic Journal