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- Title
Cardiovascular adaptation to strenuous exercise: exploring the complexity of the arterial protective role for the heart.
- Authors
Martina, Maria Raffaella; Bianchini, Elisabetta; Scalese, Marco; Di Lascio, Nicole; Bruno, Rosa Maria; Pratali, Lorenza
- Abstract
Background: The intense exercise effect evaluation on the cardiovascular system can help to profile and reduce the risks (1-3). This work aims at assessing cardiovascular adaptation in runners by a multi-site non-invasive approach. Methods: 49 runners (A) trained for 8.5 ± 8.9 years, 3.9 ± 1.4 days/week and 15 sedentary (S) subjects matched by sex, age, BMI, baseline brachial pressures and heart rate underwent ultrasound semi-automatic assessment of the vascular system (arterial mean diameters, MD, and distensibility, DC, of abdominal aorta, common carotid, common femoral, brachial artery) and of cardiac parameters. Central pressurebased (applanation tonometry) hemodynamic properties according to the reservoir theory were derived. Results: Cardiac parameters related to dimensions, mass and volumes showed significantly higher values in A compared to S (A/S: Left Ventricular Internal diameter, 29 ± 3 mm/27 ± 3 mm; Left Ventricular Mass, 161 ± 31 g/141 ± 25 g; Aortic root size 30 ± 3 mm/27 ± 2 mm; Stroke Volume, 76 ± 13 mL/69 ± 16 mL; Arterial Elastance, 7 ± 1 mm HgmL-1/6 ± 1 mm HgmL-1). MD was greater in each large arterial site in A than in S reporting a trend in the carotid and significant differences in aorta and femoral artery (aorta: 16 ± 2 mm/13 ± 1 mm; femoral: 10 ± 1 mm/9 ± 1 mm). DC evidenced a lowering trend in A for each arterial site except for the brachial artery. Hemodynamic parameters showed higher reservoir pressure in A compared to S (Pressure reservoir integral, 14 ± 4/11 ± 3). Conclusions: Strenuous exercise induced a well-known cardiac remodeling which can be hypothesized to be slower in the arterial tree because of highly differentiated and complex mechanism aiming to heart protection. Accordingly, the increased reservoir pressure in runners could be interpreted as sentinel parameter of vascular "fatigue".
- Publication
Artery Research, 2023, Vol 29, Issue 1, pS16
- ISSN
1872-9312
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1007/s44200-022-00028-8